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Eleatic paradoxes (Aporías eleáticas)

Fishburn and Hughes: "A term derived from the school of philosophy founded in the fifth century BC by Parmenides of Elea, whose favourite pupil was Zeno. Opposing Heraclitus, and foreshadowing the idealism of Berkeley, the Eleatics argued against belief in the reality of motion and the plurality of things which would involve changes in the state of 'being'. They held that 'being' was necessarily one and unchanged, while individual things and movement were an illusion. Their teaching methods were based on a system of paradoxes or proofs 'ad absurdum', such as the flying arrow which passes through a series of points in which it is static and the race between Achilles and the tortoise to which Borges frequently refers. See Aporias, Contest with the tortoise." (65)