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Bustos Domecq
Parodi: texto escolar dedicado a la enseñanza de las primeras letras que habría sido aprobado por la Inspección de Enseñanza de la ciudad de Rosario cuando Bustos desempeñaba el cargo de Inspector de Enseñanza en esa ciudad.
Ya todo lo dijo Góngora
Bonfanti
Yaben, Jacinto R
Argentinian Former naval officer and biographer. Author of Biografías argentinas y sudamericanas
Yacaré
pseud. of Felipe H. Fernández, Argentine popular poet and songwriter, 1889-1949
Yacub Almansur
Abu Yusuf Ya-qub Almansur, third emir of the Almohad dynasty, c. 1160-99, ruler of Morocco and Spain.
Fishburn and Hughes: "Abu Yusuf Ya'qub Almansur, third Emir of the Almohad dynasty who defeated Alfonso VIII of Castile on the field of Alarcos in 1195, thus securing for the Arabs an important respite from the onslaught of the Reconquest. Considered the most enlightened of the Almohad Caliphs, Almansur surrounded himself with philosophers, physicians and poets. He encouraged Averroes to write his commentaries on Aristotle. The story is told by Renan that the Emir liked to discuss scientific problems with Averroes. He would invite him to sit on a cushion reserved for his most intimate guests. In the familiarity of these conversations Averroes would 'abandon' himself to the point of saying to his sovereign: 'Écoute, mon frère...' ('But listen, my brother')." (8-9)
Yáculo
monster mentioned in the Pharsalia
Yadua
Jewish monster
Yahiz, al-
Amr b. Bahr, al-Jahiz, Arabic writer, c. 775-869, author of The Book of Animals and The Book of Beauties and Antitheses
Yahoos
characters in the fourth book of Swift's Gulliver's Travels, also characters in a Borges story
Fishburn and Hughes: "The fictional beast-like humans who live in the country of the Houyhnhnms (horses) in part 4 of Swift's Gulliver's Travels (1726). Their brutality and total lack of self-restraint contrast with the 'behaviour orderly and rational' of the gentle horses who do not understand the meaning of lying and use the term Taboo's evil' to denote illnesses. The Yahoos of 'Doctor Brodie's Report' share many of the characteristics of the Yahoos encountered by Gulliver: a savage appearance, an unpronounceable language (described by Swift as a 'roar'), a taste for corrupted flesh, the use of excrement to manifest their disposition towards others (though with Brodie's Yahoos this indicates respect rather than contempt and anger), the deliberate choice of a deformed leader, and a wild and bellicose nature which often leads them into wars. The Yahoo Queen offering her favours to Brodie recalls the episode when Gulliver was embraced in a 'most foulsome manner' by a female Yahoo while swimming. Upon their return to 'civilisation' both Gulliver and Brodie experience difficulties in readjusting to their fellow men. Brodie draws the same parallel as Gulliver between his fellow men and these savages, but their reactions are mirror images of each other: Gulliver feels revulsion at the human image and at his own reflection, while the Scottish missionary, considering the similiarities between Yahoos and humans, seeks to 'redeem' that 'barbarous nation' in the eyes of the King whose protection for them he seeks. Borges's ambiguous conclusion is, like Swift's, that 'they stand for civilisation much as we ourselves do'." (212)
Yajurveda
Yajurveda, one of four Vedas
Yakub el Doliente
19th century ruler of the Sudan in Borges story
Yale
university in New Haven, Connecticut, founded in 1701
Yale Monthly
periodical founded in 1906 by Stephen Dows Thaw
Yama
Hindu god of death
Yamila
character in the Arabian Nights
Yao
mythical first Chinese emperor, reigned 2357-2255
Yarmolinsky, Marcelo
character in Borges story
Yasodhara
Gautama Buddha's wife, sometimes Jasodhara
Yauk
Fishburn and Hughes: "In the Koran, the name of an idol mentioned in chapter 71: 21 (Noah). The context reads: 'And Noah said: "Lord, my people disobey me and follow those whose wealth and offspring will only hasten their perdition. They have devised an outrageous plot, and said to each other: 'Do not renounce your gods. Do not forsake Wad or Sowa or Yaghuth or Ya'uq or Nasr.' They have led numerous men astray. You surely drive the wrongdoers to further error." And because of their sins they were overwhelmed by the Flood and cast into the Fire. They found none to help them beside Allah.'" (212)
Year of Meteors
Whitman poem
Year of Prophesying, A
H. G. Wells work, 1925
Years Between, The
Kipling's book poetry, 1919.
Yeats, William Butler
Irish poet, playwright and essayist, 1865-1939, author of The Celtic Twilight, In the Seven Woods, The Wild Swans at Coole, The Winding Stair, The King of the Great Clock Tower, Per Amica Silentia Lunae, Mythologies, A Vision, Autobiographies and other works
Fishburn and Hughes: "An Irish poet, actively involved in Ireland's nationalistic politics. In his poems and plays Yeats strove to create a specifically Irish literature, basing much of his work on themes taken from Celtic mythology, episodes of the Irish insurrection and the lives of eminent patriotic figures like Parnell. Yeats's poetry ranges from the popular and the love lyric to the more esoteric and conceptual texts of The Wind among the Reeds (1899) and the satirical invective of Responsibilities (1914). He experimented also with automatic writing. A personal 'system of symbolisms', as he described it, became more evident in his later poems 'Byzantium' and The Tower (1928), in which sensual images alternate with historic allusions and irony. Here and in his last works Yeats opposes the power of the intellect to the failing physical strength of old age. The Theme of the Traitor and the Hero: Yeats is presented as the prototype of the Irish poet, in opposition to the English Shakespeare, mentioned in the same context. The theme of betrayal and the ensuing desire to confess and make amends are well within the spirit of the lines spoken by Yeats on behalf of the Irish who repudiated Parnell: 'Come, fix upon me that accusing eye. /I thirst for accusation' ('Parnell's Funeral', A Full Moon in March). Equally the earlier lines from the same poem, 'Nor did we play a part / Upon a painted stage when we devoured his heart', recalls not only the theatrical setting of Fergus Kilpatrick's execution, but also the role-playing theme which runs through 'Theme of the Traitor and the Hero'. The epigraph in A Biography of Tadeo Isidoro Cruz is taken from the second part of the poem, 'A Woman Young and Old'. Its title is 'Before the World Was Made' and the full text reads: 'If I make the lashes dark / And the eyes more bright? And the lips more scarlet? Or ask if all be right / From mirror after mirrror, / No vanity's displayed: / I'm looking for the face I had / Before the world was made.'" (212-13)
Yeats-Brown, Francis
British soldier and political figure, 1886-1944, mentioned here as editor of 1938 edition of Taylor's Confessions of a Thug
Yedo
Edo, old name for Tokyo
Yellow fever (Fiebre amarilla)
Fishburn and Hughes: "Yellow fever first appeared in Buenos Aires in 1870, reaching epidemic proportions by the summer of 1871 and claiming altogether more than 13,000 victims. The port areas were at first the most affected; eventually as many as a hundred a day were dying throughout the city, which became deserted. Doctor Bernardo Juregui, who died 'practising his profession during the yellow-fever epidemic' may be a reference to the 'few courageous doctors and priests.. .at their posts' when 'Church services were suspended and government offices were closed' mentioned by R.B. Scobie (Buenos Aires: From Plaza to Suburb, 1974, 124). See Chacarita, Flores." (213)
Yemen
country at southern end of Arabian Peninsula
Fishburn and Hughes: "A kingdom in the south-west Arabian peninsula on the Red Sea, overrun in the seventh century by Islam and subsequently part of the Arab Caliphate. Between 716 and 756 Yemenite tribes vied with their Syrian rivals for the appointment of their leader as Arab governor in Al-Andalus." (213)
Yerba Gato
Parodi: una marca real de yerba mate.
Yerba vieja
Book written by Ricardo Hogg
Yerbal
stream in Lavalleja, Uruguay
Yerbal
street in Buenos Aires
Ygg
Scandinavian god of death
Yggdrasill
ash tree important in Norse mythology
Yi
river in Uruguay
Yiddish (Idisch)
Fishburn and Hughes: "The language spoken by the Ashkenazi Jews, consisting mainly of a mixture of Hebrew or Aramaic and Old German. It is used mainly as a secular language in contrast to Hebrew, which until recently was considered sacred. See Yidische Zaitung." (213)
Yidische Zaitung
Yidische Zeitung or Zaitung, Buenos Aires Yiddish newspaper
Fishburn and Hughes: "The first daily Argentine Jewish newspaper, published from 1914 onwards. Its publication illustrates the strength of a movement prevalent in Argentina at the time when Borges wrote 'Death and the Compass', favouring secular Jewish culture expressed in Yiddish." (214)
Yin
genie
Ykub Khan, Abdul
British Muslim leader in the 1930s, perhaps Yakub
Ynglinga Saga
Saga of the Ynglingar, on the genealogies and divine origin of the kings of Norway and Sweden
Yo alecciono
Gomensoro poem
Yo fusilé a la Muerte a quemarropa
Anglada verse
Yo soy aquel que ayer no más decía
Darío poem in Cantos de vida y esperanza, 1905
Yo soy del barrio del Alto/Soy del barrio del Retiro
traditional milonga verse
Yo soy los otros
Anglada book of pantheistic odes, 1921
Yocasta
mythical Greek queen, wife and mother of Oedipus
Yoknapatawpha
imaginary county in Mississippi, sole property of William Faulkner
Yolao
Iolaus, Greek mythological hero, companion of Herakles
Yongden, Lama
Tibetan lama, 1899-1955, author of Mipam, adopted son of Alexandra David-Neel
Yorick
a skull in Shakespeare's Hamlet once belonged to this court jester
York
ancient city in Yorkshire, England, formerly Jorvik
York Minster
old church in city of York
Yorkshire
county in northern England
Yosef, Akiba ben
Yoske Nigger
New York gangster mentioned in Borges story
Young
owner of a meat-salting plant
Parodi: El apellido Young, vinculado con la historia familiar de Borges, parece no haber tenido relación con la historia de los saladeros argentinos.
Young, Brigham
US Mormon leader, 1801-1877
Young, Edward
English poet, 1683-1765, author of The Complaint, or Night Thoughts on Life, Death and Immortality
Youth
Conrad novel, 1902
Youwarkee
mythical creature, half-woman, half-bird, character in Paltock's Peter Wilkins also mentioned by Browning
Yrigoyen, Hipolito
Argentine politician, populist leader and president, 1852-1933, sometimes misspelled Irigoyen
Fishburn and Hughes: "The leader of the Radical movement and twice President of Argentina, in 1916-22 and 1928- 30. Yrigoyen, who came to power after the first Argentinian election to employ secret ballots, was also the first president who did not directly represent the interests of the landowning oligarchy." (214)
Parodi: Hipólito Yrigoyen (1852−1933), el político argentino de la Unión Cívica Radical, elegido presidente del país durante dos períodos (1916−1922 y 1928−1930). Fue derrocado por el golpe militar de 1930, liderado por el general Uriburu, primer gobernante de la Década Infame.
Yrurtia, Rogelio
Parodi: Rogelio Yrurtia (1879-1950), destacado escultor argentino. Algunas de sus obras emplazadas en la ciudad de Buenos Aires son el mausoleo de Bernardino Rivadavia, inaugurado en 1932 y ubicado en Plaza Once; el monumento a Manuel Dorrego (1927), en Suipacha y Viamonte, y el “Canto al Trabajo” (1927), en la intersección de las avenidas Paseo Colón e Independencia, en El Bajo.
Yu el Grande
Chinese emperor, ruled 2205-2198, founder of the Hsia or Hia dynasty
Yu Tsun
character in Borges story, also the name of a character in the Hung Lu Meng or Dream of the Red Chamber
Fishburn and Hughes: "One of the many leading characters in the Chinese novel Hung Lu Meng by Ts'ao Chan." (214)
Yunán
leprous king in the Arabian Nights
Yunayd
character in Attar poem
Yunnan
province of southwestern China
Fishburn and Hughes: "A province in south-east China, by the Yangtze River." (214)
Yunque
Gustav Frenssen novel, 1927
Yunque, Alvaro
pseudonym of Arístides Gandolfi Herrero, Argentine poet, 1889-1982, associated with the Boedo group
Yusuf
Druse character in Bustos Domecq story
Yzur
Lugones story about a chimpanzee, in Las fuerzas extrañas, 1906